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Prevalence and disparities in sexual and reproductive health of women of reproductive age (20-49 years) in China: A national cross-sectional study

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机构： [1]Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. [2]National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrical and Gynaecological Diseases, Beijing, China. [3]State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China. [4]Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. [5]Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China. [6]Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. [7]Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. [8]Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. [9]Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. [10]Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China. [11]The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China. [12]NHC Key Laboratory of Periconception Health Birth in Western China, Kunming, Yunnan, China. [13]Reproductive Medicine Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. [14]Reproductive Medicine Centre, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Centre of Shanxi, Affiliate Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. [15]Reproductive Medical Centre, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. [16]Reproductive Medicine Centre, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. [17]Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, Liaoning, China. [18]Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. [19]Division of Reproductive Medical Centre, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

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Ensuring women's sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is a fundamental human right and key to 2030 agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), yet limited evidence exists on SRH in China, including national estimates and disparities of women's SRH experiences, gynaecological diseases, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).A national cross-sectional survey based on a multistage stratified sampling from 15 provinces of China was performed from May 2019 to April 2021. A total of 12 815 reproductive-aged (20-49 years) women were involved. The SRH experiences (including age at menarche, age at first sexual activity, history of abortion, miscarriage, recurrent miscarriage, stillbirth, age at first delivery, types of delivery), the history of gynaecological diseases and STDs, as well as the environmental factors of participants were investigated. Human development index (HDI) was utilised to categorise and describe the socioeconomic status of the regions. The prevalence rates of diseases were compared among different HDI regions.We observed a decrease in the mean age at menarche, an increase in the proportion of women who became sexually active before 20, and a modest rise in mean age at first childbirth across generations. Age-standardised prevalence estimates of miscarriage, recurrent miscarriage, artificial abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and stillbirth were 9.3, 1.4, 55.7, 3.3, and 2.1%, respectively. Approximately 50% of participants reported a history of gynaecological diseases, with vulvovaginitis, cervicitis, and pelvic infection diseases being the most prevalent. The overall prevalence of STDs was estimated at 22.2‰, with mycoplasma genitalium infection having the highest reported prevalence. Disease prevalence varies across HDI regions.Women's SRH behaviours and experiences have evolved, along with shifts in the spectrums of gynaecological diseases and STDs in China. Urgent recalibration of health care policies and disease control strategies is necessary, aligning them with women's changing SRH needs, ultimately ensuring their reproductive health and rights.Copyright © 2024 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved.

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出版当年[2025]版：

大类 | 3 区医学

小类 | 3 区公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

最新[2025]版：

大类 | 3 区医学

小类 | 3 区公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

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出版当年[2023]版：

Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

最新[2023]版：

Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

影响因子： 4.5 最新[2023版] 5.3 最新五年平均 4.5 出版当年[2023版] 5.3 出版当年五年平均 7.2 出版前一年[2022版]

第一作者：

第一作者机构： [1]Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. [2]National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrical and Gynaecological Diseases, Beijing, China. [3]State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China. [4]Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. [5]Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.

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通讯作者：

通讯机构： [1]Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. [2]National Clinical Research Centre for Obstetrical and Gynaecological Diseases, Beijing, China. [3]State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Beijing, China. [4]Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. [5]Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.

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