The treatment strategy for previously standard treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still remains challenged. This study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of epirubicin-loaded drug-eluting bead transbronchial artery chemoembolization (D-BACE) plus bronchial artery infusion chemotherapy (BAIC) in patients with refractory advanced NSCLC.Between January 2018 and December 2022, 32 patients with refractory advanced NSCLC [26 males; mean age of 64±9.3 (range, 41-78) years; 19 squamous carcinomas (59.4%)] who had received one or more previous standard treatments and received D-BACE (epirubicin 50 mg) plus BAIC (lobaplatin 30 mg/m2) were included in our study. The study evaluated several parameters including local tumor response based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and complication rates. To examine the impact of different factors on PFS and OS, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed.A total of 68 D-BACE plus BAIC sessions (median, 1, range 1-7) were performed. Overall response and disease control rates were 25% and 100%, respectively. The median PFS and median OS were 6.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.1-7.9] and 14.0 months (95% CI: 4.8-23.2), respectively. The number of cycles in the D-BACE plus BAIC treatment was found to be an independent predictor of PFS and OS. There were no instances of severe procedure-related complications or deaths during the study.The combination of D-BACE and BAIC shows great potential as a treatment choice for patients with refractory advanced NSCLC.Copyright © 2025 AME Publishing Company. All rights reserved.