BackgroundWild edible mushrooms are rich in nutrition and popular with people; however, few laboratory studies are available about the predictability of outcomes among patients with mushroom poisoning. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the clinical features and death risk factors of patients with mushroom poisoning.MethodsPatients with mushroom poisoning admitted to the hospital from 2015 to 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsA total of 197 patients with mushroom poisoning were enrolled in this study, of which 100 (50.76%) were males, and the mortality was 10.66% (21/197). Patients who died were more likely to have demonstrated a long latency, high alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin (TB), activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that TB level greater than or equal to 34.2 mu mol/L had the greatest lethal risk and could increase the risk of death by 14.588 times (odds ratio: 15.588; 95% confidence interval: 2.088-116.351), which indicated that TB was an independent risk factor of death in patients with acute mushroom poisoning.ConclusionBilirubin concentration was associated with the increased likelihood of mortality. Total bilirubin was the independent risk factor of mushroom poisoning.