机构：[1]Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.[2]Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.[3]Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.[4]Department for Molecular Biomedical Research and Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium.[5]Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of KMUST, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China.
During vertebrate embryogenesis, the cranial neural crest (CNC) forms at the neural plate border and subsequently migrates and differentiates into many types of cells. The transcription factor Snai2, which is induced by canonical Wnt signaling to be expressed in the early CNC, is pivotal for CNC induction and migration in Xenopus. However, snai2 expression is silenced during CNC migration, and its roles at later developmental stages remain unclear. We generated a transgenic X. tropicalis line that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) driven by the snai2 promoter/enhancer, and observed eGFP expression not only in the pre-migratory and migrating CNC, but also the differentiating CNC. This transgenic line can be used directly to detect deficiencies in CNC development at various stages, including subtle perturbation of CNC differentiation. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirm that Snai2 is re-expressed in the differentiating CNC. Using a separate transgenic Wnt reporter line, we show that canonical Wnt signaling is also active in the differentiating CNC. Blocking Wnt signaling shortly after CNC migration causes reduced snai2 expression and impaired differentiation of CNC-derived head cartilage structures. These results suggest that Wnt signaling is required for snai2 re-expression and CNC differentiation.
基金：
U.S. NIH (R01GM114105, R03DE022813 and P20GM104316
to SW, and R01EY015279 to MKD) and March of Dimes Foundation (1-FY10-399 to SW). Additionally, part
of the imaging work was supported by NIH grant 1S10RR027273-01. Research in the Vleminckx laboratory is
supported by the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) (Grants G0A1515N and G029413N) and
by the Concerted Research Actions from Ghent University (BOF15/GOA/011); further support was obtained
from the Hercules Foundation, Flanders (Grant AUGE/11/14).
第一作者机构：[1]Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.[5]Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of KMUST, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650032, China.
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推荐引用方式(GB/T 7714)：
Jiejing Li,Mark Perfetto,Christopher Materna,et al.A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snai2 re-expression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus[J].SCIENTIFIC REPORTS.2019,9:doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47665-9.
APA：
Jiejing Li,Mark Perfetto,Christopher Materna,Rebecca Li,Hong Thi Tran...&Shuo Wei.(2019).A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snai2 re-expression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus.SCIENTIFIC REPORTS,9,
MLA：
Jiejing Li,et al."A new transgenic reporter line reveals Wnt-dependent Snai2 re-expression and cranial neural crest differentiation in Xenopus".SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 9.(2019)
