Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important etiology for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tumor necrosis factor--induced protein 3-interacting protein 1 (TNIP1) is linked to specific inflammatory diseases as a novel type of endogenous inflammatory regulator. However, presently, rare information is found about the association between TNIP1 polymorphisms and HBV-induced HCC risk. In this case control study, we genotyped four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TNIP1 gene in 248 HCC patients and 242 chronic HBV carriers using Sequenom Mass-ARRAY technology. Genetic model and haplotype analysis were performed to evaluate the association between candidate SNPs polymorphisms and HBV-induced HCC susceptibility using Pearson's (2) test and unconditional logistic regression analysis. Overall, we found two risk alleles in TNIP1 for HBV-induced HCC in patients: the allele G of rs7708392 by genotype model (G/C vs. C/C: OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17-3, P=0.009) and dominant model (G/C-G/G vs. C/C: OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.08-2.65, P=0.023), and the allele C of rs10036748 by genotype model (C/T vs. T/T: OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.14-2.92, P=0.012) and dominant model (C/T-C/C vs. T/T: OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.05-2.59, P=0.03). However, rs3792792 and rs4958881 polymorphisms didn't significantly correlate with the risk of HBV-induced HCC. Haplotype analysis showed no significant association between haplotypes and the HCC risk in HBV carriers. This study provides evidence for HBV-induced HCC susceptibility gene TNIP1 in the Chinese Han population.