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Effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

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机构： [1]Department of Pain Medicine, The Affiliated Anning First People’s Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [2]Faculty of Life Science and Technology, The affiliated Anning First People’s Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [3]Department of Medical Imaging, Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [4]School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [5]Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Anning First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [6]Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China [7]School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [8]The School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [9]Department of Medical Imaging, Anning First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China

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关键词： Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Children Interferon-gamma release assays Meta-analysis

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To update the understanding of the effectiveness of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in preventing tuberculosis (TB) infection in children.PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase were searched from their inception to January 12, 2025. Studies were included if they focused on children under 19 years exposed to pulmonary TB, used interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) for infection assessment, and reported IGRA-positive outcomes for both BCG and non-BCG groups. Pooled estimates were derived using random-effects meta-analysis, with heterogeneity assessed by the I² statistic.8,242 participants were enrolled in 32 studies. The overall protective effectiveness of BCG against infection was 18%, with a relative risk [RR] of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.91], I² = 60%). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher effectiveness of 29% (RR = 0.71 [95% CI: 0.62-0.82], I² = 41%) in low-TB incidence areas, while effectiveness was not significant (RR = 0.95 [95% CI: 0.84-1.09], I² = 55%) in high-TB incidence areas.BCG vaccination shows protective effectiveness against TB infection, particularly in low-TB incidence areas. Its effectiveness in high-TB incidence areas remains uncertain, underscoring the need for further research to optimize vaccination strategies in these settings.Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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大类 | 2 区医学

小类 | 2 区传染病学

第一作者：

第一作者机构： [1]Department of Pain Medicine, The Affiliated Anning First People’s Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [2]Faculty of Life Science and Technology, The affiliated Anning First People’s Hospital, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China

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通讯机构： [1]Department of Pain Medicine, The Affiliated Anning First People’s Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China [9]Department of Medical Imaging, Anning First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China

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Effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

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