肺炎(pneumonia)是指各种致病因素导致的肺实质及肺间质炎症，是全球范围内常见的呼吸系统疾病之一，而重症肺炎是在肺炎的基础上发展而来，具有病死率高，并发症多和预后差的特点，并加重医疗经济负担，同时对人类健康构成重大威胁。随着人工智能的迅速发展和医疗健康数据的急剧增长，机器学习已经在肺炎死亡预测中得到了广泛应用，帮助临床医生精准的进行个体化临床用药和提高治疗效果，延长患者的生存时间，提高其生存质量。Pneumonia refers to pulmonary parenchyma and interstitial inflammation caused by various pathogenic factors, which is one of the common respiratory diseases in the world, and severe pneumonia develops on the basis of pneumonia, with high mortality, multiple complications and poor prognosis, and increases the economic burden of medical care, and poses a major threat to human health. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and the rapid growth of medical and health data, machine learning has been widely used in the prediction of pneumonia death, helping clinicians to accurately personalize clinical medication and improve treatment effects, extend the survival time of patients, and improve their quality of life.