吉尔伯特综合征(Gilbert syndrome, GS)是一种遗传性胆红素代谢性障碍疾病，属于一种良性疾病。在临床诊治过程中，该类患者常出现非结合胆红素(unconjugated bilirubin)轻度升高，并无任何伴随症状，其他肝脏功能指标也未见明显异常。GS在普通人群中发病率高达5%~10%，大量研究发现GS与心血管疾病、糖尿病、某些癌症、全因死亡率的降低有相关性，因此在此综合GS的诊断以提高临床对该病的认识。Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a hereditary disorder of bilirubin metabolism, which is a benign disease. In the clinical diagnosis and treatment process, patients with GS often have mild elevation of unconjugated bilirubin without any accompanying symptoms, and other liver function indicators are not obviously abnormal. The incidence of GS in the general population is as high as 5%~10%, and a large number of studies have found that GS is related to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, certain cancers, and a lower overall mortality rate, therefore, this paper summarizes the diagnosis of GS to improve clinical understanding of the disease.